Abstract Introduction Tinnitus is characterized as the conscious and involuntary perception of sound, and it affects ~ 30% of the population. Despite careful physical examination, the etiology of tinnitus can be established for only 30% of patients. Tinnitus is a common symptom of cerebral arteriovenous fistulas and results from increased blood flow through the dural venous sinuses, leading to turbulent arterial flow, mainly related to sigmoid and transverse sinus lesions. Objectives To analyze the frequency of tinnitus, patient profile, and endovascular treatment characteristics in individuals diagnosed with cerebral arteriovenous fistulas. Methods A retrospective and observational study based on reviewed data from medical records on the PHILIPS Tasy system (Philips Healthcare, Cambridge, MA, USA) at the neurosurgery and interventional neuroradiology service of Hospital Santa Isabel in Blumenau-state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Results The profile of 68 individuals diagnosed with cerebral arteriovenous fistula who underwent endovascular treatment were analyzed. Most patients were female, aged 31 to 60. Tinnitus affected 18 individuals. Dural fistulas were the most prevalent in the sample, and computed tomography alone was the most used diagnostic method for initial investigation. Conclusion The prevalence of this symptom in patients diagnosed with cerebral arteriovenous fistula was found in 26.5% of this sample, mainly in women with associated comorbidities. Tinnitus remission was observed in all patients who underwent endovascular treatment to correct cerebral fistula.

O trabalho analisou a celulose liofilizada como invólucro de lesões de nervos periféricos, com perda de substância, investigando a intensidade de reação inflamatória e o alinhamento axonal. Dez cães foram divididos em 3 grupos: Grupo 1 - seccção e recolocação de 1 cm de nervo ciático; Grupo 2 - não recolocado fragmento seccionado; Grupo 3 - sutura epineural, sem invólucro celulósico. A recuperação motora iniciou na oitava semana, lenta e progressiva, sem recuperação total. A autópsia mostrou reação fibrótica ao redor da celulose e aderência ao plano muscular. Quando o enxerto foi recolocado, constatou-se continuidade do nervo com aumento de calibre local. Nos dez cães foi observada fibrose e regeneração neural variáveis na área de secção do nervo. Os grupos 1 e 3 mostraram coaptação entre cotos e enxerto. Concluiu-se que a celulose liofilizada provocou moderada reação fibrótica com realinhamento e crescimento axonal quando foi recolocado, como enxerto, o fragmento do nervo seccionado.

Lyophilized cellulose was analysed to verify the degree of inflamatory reaction and axon realignement in the sciatic nerve after loss of neural substance. Ten mongrel dogs were divided into: Group 1 - 1 cm section of sciatic nerve which was replaced at lesion site; Group 2 nerve section without fragment replacement. The section site was involved with lyophilized cellulose. Group 3 -1 cm fragment section sutured epineurally. Motor response started at eighth week. Moderate fibrotic reaction to cellulose was seen in Group 1 and 2 animals. Groups 1 and 3 showed coaptation between the nerve and nerve graft with ongoing axons. In Group 2, 1 dog showed regrouth of axons through the empty space. It was concluded that lyophilized cellulose caused moderate fibrous reaction when implanted in peripheral nerve lesions with loss of substance; it can act as envellop protection in those lesions mainly if a neural graft is inserted.

A síndrome de encefalite crônica com epilepsia (síndrome de Rasmussen) ocorre tipicamente em crianças e é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de epilepsia focal intratável, hemiparesia progressiva e deterioração intelectual. A etiologia é desconhecida e as anormalidades patológicas variam com a fase da doença. Relatamos o caso de um paciente jovem, com 17 anos de idade, com apresentação clínica da provável síndrome de Rasmussen. Discutimos a etiologia e o tratamento da patologia.

The syndrome of chronic encephalitis with epilepsy (Rasmussen's syndrome) typically occurs in children and is characterized by the development of intractable focal seizures, progressive hemiparesis and intellectual deterioration. The etiology is unknown, and the pathological abnormalities vary. We report the case of a 17-year-old boy, presenting with clinical features typical of probable Rasmussen`s syndrome. We discuss the etiology and treatment for this pathology.